"fun-" meaning in All languages combined

See fun- on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈɸun-/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*pen-|t=bog, mire}} Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”)
  1. Stem meaning moisture, mould, mildew Tags: reconstruction Related terms: fanją
    Sense id: en-fun--gem-pro-noun-Bo4VSPdM Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "fen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "finew"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "*fine"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinny"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinney"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*finy"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinny"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinney"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*viny"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "fyniġ"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "English",
                      "lang_code": "en",
                      "word": "fenowed"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle English",
                  "lang_code": "enm",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "yvyned"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*fenowen"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "English",
                      "lang_code": "en",
                      "word": "fenowed"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle English",
                  "lang_code": "enm",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "yvyned"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*vinewen"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "English",
                      "lang_code": "en",
                      "word": "fenowed"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle English",
                  "lang_code": "enm",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "yvyned"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "vynyen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "fynegian"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "fyniht"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "fyne"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "vunsterig"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Frisian",
      "lang_code": "ofs",
      "word": "*fene"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "vunsterig"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Frisian",
      "lang_code": "ofs",
      "word": "*fune"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "vunsch"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "*vunsch"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "*funisk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "lang_code": "osx",
      "word": "*funi"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Dutch",
                      "lang_code": "nl",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                      ],
                      "word": "vunzig"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "vuns"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "vunsc"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Dutch",
                      "lang_code": "nl",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                      ],
                      "word": "vunzig"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "vuns"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "vunsch"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Dutch",
                      "lang_code": "nl",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                      ],
                      "word": "vunzig"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "vuns"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "vuyns"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "*funisk"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "vunstich"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Dutch",
          "lang_code": "dum",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "vunst"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Dutch",
      "lang_code": "odt",
      "word": "*funi"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "fúna"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "fúna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pen-",
        "t": "bog, mire"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”).",
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fun-",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Stem meaning moisture, mould, mildew"
      ],
      "id": "en-fun--gem-pro-noun-Bo4VSPdM",
      "links": [
        [
          "moisture",
          "moisture#English"
        ],
        [
          "mould",
          "mould#English"
        ],
        [
          "mildew",
          "mildew#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "fanją"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸun-/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fun-"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "fen"
            },
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "finew"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "word": "*fine"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinny"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinney"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*finy"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinny"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "vinney"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*viny"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "fyniġ"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "English",
                      "lang_code": "en",
                      "word": "fenowed"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle English",
                  "lang_code": "enm",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "yvyned"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*fenowen"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "English",
                      "lang_code": "en",
                      "word": "fenowed"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle English",
                  "lang_code": "enm",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "yvyned"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "*vinewen"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "English",
                      "lang_code": "en",
                      "word": "fenowed"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Middle English",
                  "lang_code": "enm",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "yvyned"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "vynyen"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "fynegian"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "fyniht"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "word": "fyne"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "vunsterig"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Frisian",
      "lang_code": "ofs",
      "word": "*fene"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "vunsterig"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Frisian",
      "lang_code": "ofs",
      "word": "*fune"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "vunsch"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "*vunsch"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "*funisk"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "lang_code": "osx",
      "word": "*funi"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Dutch",
                      "lang_code": "nl",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                      ],
                      "word": "vunzig"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "vuns"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "vunsc"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Dutch",
                      "lang_code": "nl",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                      ],
                      "word": "vunzig"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "vuns"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "vunsch"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Dutch",
                      "lang_code": "nl",
                      "raw_tags": [
                        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                      ],
                      "word": "vunzig"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "vuns"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "vuyns"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "*funisk"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
              ],
              "word": "vunstich"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Dutch",
          "lang_code": "dum",
          "raw_tags": [
            "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
          ],
          "word": "vunst"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Dutch",
      "lang_code": "odt",
      "word": "*funi"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "fúna"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "fúna"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pen-",
        "t": "bog, mire"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“bog, mire”).",
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fun-",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "fanją"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Requests for gender in Proto-Germanic entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Stem meaning moisture, mould, mildew"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "moisture",
          "moisture#English"
        ],
        [
          "mould",
          "mould#English"
        ],
        [
          "mildew",
          "mildew#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɸun-/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fun-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for fun- meaning in All languages combined (5.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.